CAP_ENTER(2)

NAME
cap_enter, cap_getmode - Capability mode system calls

LIBRARY
libc

SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/capsicum.h>
int
cap_enter(void);
int
cap_getmode(u_int *modep);

DESCRIPTION
cap_enter() places the current process into capability mode, a mode of execution in which processes may only issue system calls operating on file descriptors or reading limited global system state. Access to global name spaces, such as file system or IPC name spaces, is prevented. If the process is already in a capability mode sandbox, the system call is a no-op. Future process descendants created with fork(2) or pdfork(2) will be placed in capability mode from inception.

When combined with cap_rights_limit(2), cap_ioctls_limit(2), cap_fcntls_limit(2), cap_enter() may be used to create kernel-enforced sandboxes in which appropriately-crafted applications or application components may be run.

cap_getmode() returns a flag indicating whether or not the process is in a capability mode sandbox.

CAVEAT
Creating effective process sandboxes is a tricky process that involves identifying the least possible rights required by the process and then passing those rights into the process in a safe manner. Consumers of cap_enter() should also be aware of other inherited rights, such as access to VM resources, memory contents, and other process properties that should be considered. It is advisable to use fexecve(2) to create a runtime environment inside the sandbox that has as few implicitly acquired rights as possible.

RETURN VALUES

ERRORS
The cap_enter() and cap_getmode() system calls will fail if:

[ENOSYS]
    The kernel is compiled without:

    options CAPABILITY_MODE

The cap_getmode() system call may also return the following error:

[EFAULT]
    Pointer modep points outside the process's allocated address space.

SEE ALSO
cap_fcntls_limit(2), cap_ioctls_limit(2), cap_rights_limit(2), fexecve(2), cap_sandboxed(3), capsicum(4)

HISTORY
Support for capabilities and capabilities mode was developed as part of the TrustedBSD Project.

AUTHORS
These functions and the capability facility were created by Robert N. M. Watson at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory with support from a grant from Google, Inc.